Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacology Mentor

Pharmacology of Magnesium Sulfate

Introduction Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the human body and plays a critical role in numerous physiological processes. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is an inorganic salt that has…

Pharmacology Mentor March 23, 2024

CVS Pharmacology

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Procainamide (Class 1A)

Procainamide is a Class IA antiarrhythmic that blocks fast INaINa channels and prolongs repolarization via its active metabolite N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA), making it useful for acute management of a variety of ventricular and…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Pharmacology of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

I. Introduction and Class Overview Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are a class of drugs that reversibly inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, thereby interfering with HCO₃⁻ (bicarbonate) reabsorption and decreasing hydrogen…

Pharmacology Mentor August 31, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Pharmacology of Osmotic Diuretics

Mechanism of Action: Osmotic diuretics work by increasing the osmolarity of the filtrate in the renal tubules. The glomerulus filters them but does not reabsorb them, creating an osmotic gradient…

Pharmacology Mentor August 31, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Pharmacology of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Potassium-sparing diuretics are a class of diuretic medications that increase diuresis (urine production) while conserving potassium, contrasting with thiazide and loop diuretics that promote potassium loss. They are used primarily…

Pharmacology Mentor August 31, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Pharmacology of Loop Diuretics

Introduction Loop diuretics are a cornerstone of therapy in conditions where rapid and potent diuresis (urine output) is required. By inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the thick ascending limb…

Pharmacology Mentor August 31, 2023

General Pharmacology

First-Order vs. Zero-Order Kinetics: What You Need to Know

Zero-Order Kinetics Definition: In zero-order kinetics, the rate of drug elimination is constant and does not depend on the drug concentration. This is often seen with drugs that saturate the…

Pharmacology Mentor August 31, 2023

Pharmacology

The Comprehensive Guide to Anticancer Drugs: What You Need to Know

Introduction to Anticancer Drugs: Anticancer drugs are medications that inhibit the development and spread of cancerous cells. They achieve this by interfering with the DNA and RNA that cause cell…

anonymous August 15, 2023

Neuropharmacology Pharmacology

Sodium Channel Blockers (SCBs)

Introduction Sodium (Na⁺) channels are integral membrane proteins responsible for the rapid upstroke (phase 0) of the action potential in excitable cells such as neurons and cardiomyocytes. By selectively perming…

Pharmacology Mentor August 8, 2023

Pharmacology of H2 Receptor Antagonists

Histamine H2 receptor antagonists are competitive blockers of gastric parietal-cell H2 receptors that suppress basal and stimulated acid secretion and are used for GERD, peptic ulcer disease, hypersecretory states, and…

Pharmacology Mentor August 7, 2023

Pharmacology of Magnesium Sulfate

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Procainamide (Class 1A)

Pharmacology of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Pharmacology of Osmotic Diuretics

Pharmacology of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Pharmacology of Loop Diuretics

First-Order vs. Zero-Order Kinetics: What You Need to Know

The Comprehensive Guide to Anticancer Drugs: What You Need to Know

Sodium Channel Blockers (SCBs)

Pharmacology of H2 Receptor Antagonists

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