Pharmacology | Pharmacology Mentor

Drug Potency and Efficacy

Understanding "drug potency" and "drug efficacy" is crucial in pharmacology, as they describe a drug's performance and are often used to compare different drugs. These terms are closely related to…

Pharmacology Mentor September 19, 2023

General Pharmacology

Drug Selectivity, Safety, and Risk-Benefit Ratio

The pharmacological landscape is complex, and drugs often produce a range of effects, both therapeutic and adverse. Understanding these nuances is crucial for clinicians to make informed decisions. This article…

Pharmacology Mentor September 19, 2023

General Pharmacology

Drug Specificity: A Key Factor in Pharmacological Actions

Drug specificity is an important concept in pharmacology that refers to the range of actions a drug can produce. Understanding drug specificity is crucial for healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients…

Pharmacology Mentor September 19, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Miscellaneous Antiarrhythmic Agents: Adenosine and others

Adenosine Adenosine is antiarrhythmic agent that is widely used for the investigation and management of both narrow complex and, less often, broad complex tachycardias. It produces a transient block in the…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Verapamil and Diltiazem

Verapamil and diltiazem are non‑dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers classified as Class IV antiarrhythmics, primarily used to slow atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction and control ventricular rate in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias such as atrial…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Class III – Amiodarone and others

#Amiodarone Structure Class III antiarrhythmics predominantly prolong cardiac repolarization via potassium channel blockade, with amiodarone as the prototypical agent and additional options including dofetilide, sotalol, ibutilide, and dronedarone chosen based on structural…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Class 2)

Introduction Among the diverse categories of drugs used to manage cardiac arrhythmias, beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (beta blockers)—classified as Class 2 antiarrhythmics under the Vaughan Williams scheme—play a pivotal role in controlling aberrant…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Propafenone (Class 1C)

Propafenone is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic that produces potent, use‑dependent blockade of fast cardiac Na+ channels with slow unbinding kinetics, resulting in marked conduction slowing and QRS widening, and it…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Flecainide (Class 1C)

Flecainide is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic agent widely used for rhythm control in atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, particularly in patients without significant structural heart disease. The following summarizes its pharmacology, clinical…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

CVS Pharmacology

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Mexiletine (Class 1B)

Mexiletine is an oral Class IB antiarrhythmic and sodium channel blocker structurally related to lidocaine, used primarily for ventricular arrhythmias and selected channelopathies such as LQT3 where late sodium current…

Pharmacology Mentor September 17, 2023

Drug Potency and Efficacy

Drug Selectivity, Safety, and Risk-Benefit Ratio

Drug Specificity: A Key Factor in Pharmacological Actions

Miscellaneous Antiarrhythmic Agents: Adenosine and others

Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Verapamil and Diltiazem

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Class III – Amiodarone and others

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Class 2)

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Propafenone (Class 1C)

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Flecainide (Class 1C)

Antiarrhythmic drugs: Mexiletine (Class 1B)

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