Category: CVS
Miscellaneous Antiarrhythmic Agents: Adenosine and others
Adenosine Adenosine is antiarrhythmic agent that is widely used for the investigation and management of both narrow complex and, less often, broad complex tachycardias. It produces...
Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Verapamil and Diltiazem
Verapamil and diltiazem are non‑dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers classified as Class IV antiarrhythmics, primarily used to slow atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction and control ventricular rate in...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Class III – Amiodarone and others
Class III antiarrhythmics predominantly prolong cardiac repolarization via potassium channel blockade, with amiodarone as the prototypical agent and additional options including dofetilide, sotalol, ibutilide, and dronedarone chosen...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Class 2)
Introduction Among the diverse categories of drugs used to manage cardiac arrhythmias, beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (beta blockers)—classified as Class 2 antiarrhythmics under the Vaughan Williams scheme—play a...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Propafenone (Class 1C)
Propafenone is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic that produces potent, use‑dependent blockade of fast cardiac Na+ channels with slow unbinding kinetics, resulting in marked conduction slowing...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Flecainide (Class 1C)
Flecainide is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic agent widely used for rhythm control in atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, particularly in patients without significant structural heart disease. The...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Mexiletine (Class 1B)
Mexiletine is an oral Class IB antiarrhythmic and sodium channel blocker structurally related to lidocaine, used primarily for ventricular arrhythmias and selected channelopathies such as...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Lidocaine (Class 1B)
If you trained in a time when every crash cart seemed to include “lido,” you remember lidocaine as the go-to antidote for ugly ventricular ectopy....
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Disopyramide (Class 1A)
Introduction Disopyramide is a Class 1a antiarrhythmic agent, primarily used in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia. It functions as a sodium channel blocker, inhibiting conduction...
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Quinidine (Class 1A)
Overview and Learning Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: Quinidine is a prototypical Class IA antiarrhythmic historically used in...