Pharmacology of Thiazide Diuretics

Thiazide diuretics are cornerstone antihypertensive and mild‑to‑moderate diuretic agents that inhibit the thiazide‑sensitive Na‑Cl cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule, lowering blood pressure and mobilizing edema with characteristic effects on potassium, sodium, uric acid, calcium, and magnesium handling. Their clinical utility spans first‑line therapy for primary hypertension, adjunctive treatment of edema, prevention of recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis in hypercalciuric patients, and

By Pharmacology Mentor

Pharmacology of Levocetirizine

Introduction Levocetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine, serving as the pharmacologically active R-enantiomer of cetirizine. Commonly prescribed for chronic allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria, levocetirizine delivers high efficacy with a low risk of sedation, improving over first-generation antihistamines through minimisation of CNS side effects due to limited blood-brain barrier penetration.​ Chemical Structure & Classification Mechanism of Action Levocetirizine acts as

By Pharmacology Mentor

Pharmacolgy of Atropine: antimuscarinic agent

Introduction Atropine is a naturally occurring anticholinergic agent extracted from various plants of the Solanaceae family, most notably Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade). Renowned for blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, atropine exerts a range of physiological effects on the autonomic nervous system, thereby influencing everything from digestion and secretion to heart rate and ocular function. Because it counters parasympathetic (“rest and digest”)

By Pharmacology Mentor
Weather
1°C
New York
overcast clouds
2° _ -1°
68%
5 km/h

Follow US

Categories

ANS

26 Articles

Antimicrobial

35 Articles

Endocrine

23 Articles

Pharmacology of Vancomycin

Introduction Vancomycin is a prominent glycopeptide antibiotic widely recognized for its efficacy

By Pharmacology Mentor

Pharmacology Definitions and Terminology

Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their interactions with living organisms.

By Pharmacology Mentor

An Overview of Essential Medicines

Essential medicines are drugs selected to meet the priority health care needs

By Pharmacology Mentor

Pharmacology of Testosterone

Introduction Testosterone is a key hormone in the human body, primarily recognized for its

By Pharmacology Mentor

Understanding Pharmacology: From Basic Principles to Nature of Drugs

Introduction Pharmacology is a multidisciplinary field that explores the interactions between chemicals

By Pharmacology Mentor

Unlock the Power of In Silico Techniques in Pharmacology

In the realm of pharmacology, the last century has witnessed a significant

By anonymous

Pharmacology of Antiviral Drugs

Introduction Antiviral pharmacology has advanced from the single-agent era of idoxuridine to

By Pharmacology Mentor

Preclinical Trials: Things You Need to Know

Introduction: The Gatekeepers of Drug Development Preclinical trials are the cornerstone of

By Pharmacology Mentor
Want to explore pharmacolology research?
Discover hundreds of articles at our journals

Random Content

The Concept of P-Drugs in Rational Prescribing

Main Takeaway: A P-drug is a prescriber’s personal choice of first-line medicine for a specific indication, selected through a systematic and evidence-based process. Developing and maintaining a personal formulary of P-drugs streamlines decision-making, promotes rational therapeutics, and enhances patient safety. 1. Definition and Purpose of P-Drugs A P-drug (“personal drug”) is not merely the generic name of a medicine but encompasses: P-drugs serve as a clinician’s priority choices for given indications, reducing repetitive searches in daily practice and ensuring familiarity with each drug’s effects and side effects. 2. Relation to Essential Medicines and Guidelines 3. The Six-Step Process for Rational Prescribing The WHO Guide to Good Prescribing outlines a six-step model, with P-drug selection comprising Step 3: 4. Criteria for Selecting P-Drugs (The STEP Framework) When comparing drug options, apply the STEP criteria: Example: Selecting a P-Drug for Acute Amoebic Dysentery Among nitroimidazoles, tinidazole may be preferred over metronidazole due to similar efficacy and cost but greater suitability (shorter course, once- or twice-daily dosing). 5. Benefits of a P-Drug Formulary By systematically selecting and regularly reviewing P-drugs according to these principles, prescribers establish a robust foundation for safe, effective, and cost-conscious patient care.

By Pharmacology Mentor

Antimalarial Drugs – A Comprehensive Guide

Antimalarial drugs are a class of medications specifically designed to prevent and treat malaria, a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.

By Pharmacology Mentor
Chat Support