Parkinson's Disease

Pharmacotherapy of Parkinson’s Disease

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized predominantly by motor symptoms including bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. These cardinal clinical features trace back to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced dopamine levels…
sympathomimetics

Pharmacology of Sympathomimetics: Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Safety

Introduction to Sympathomimetics Sympathomimetic medications—also known as adrenergic agonists—are a diverse group of pharmacological agents that mimic the physiological actions of endogenous catecholamines (e.g., norepinephrine and epinephrine) and other neurotransmitters…
Aspirin

Pharmacology of Aspirin: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction Aspirin—chemically known as acetylsalicylic acid—is among the most widely used medications across the globe. Renowned for its analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and, at low doses, antithrombotic actions, aspirin’s versatility has made it a mainstay in clinical…
NSAIDs Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Pharmacology of NSAIDs: Comprehensive Overview, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Considerations

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used medications worldwide, offering relief from pain, inflammation, and fever for a myriad of conditions. Their popularity stems from their effectiveness,…