1. Introduction/Overview Ezetimibe represents a distinct class of lipid-lowering agents that function through the selective inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption. Its development marked a significant advancement in the management of…

Introduction/Overview Fenofibrate is a fibric acid derivative, classified as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) agonist, and represents a cornerstone in the pharmacological management of specific dyslipidemic disorders. Its primary…

Introduction/Overview Rosuvastatin calcium represents a potent synthetic agent within the hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor class, widely employed in the management of dyslipidemia. Its development marked a significant advancement in…

Introduction/Overview Simvastatin represents a cornerstone agent in the pharmacological management of dyslipidemia and the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. As a member of the statin drug class, it has been…

Introduction/Overview Adenosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, occupies a unique position in pharmacology, functioning both as a critical intracellular metabolite and a potent extracellular signaling molecule. Its pharmacological administration exploits its…

Introduction/Overview Sotalol hydrochloride represents a distinctive pharmacological agent within the antiarrhythmic armamentarium, characterized by its dual mechanism of action. As a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist with additional class III antiarrhythmic…

Introduction/Overview Quinidine represents one of the oldest antiarrhythmic agents in clinical use, with a therapeutic history extending over a century. Originally isolated from the bark of the Cinchona tree, its…

Introduction/Overview Procainamide is a prototypical Class Ia antiarrhythmic agent with a significant historical and clinical role in the management of cardiac arrhythmias. Derived from the local anesthetic procaine, its development…

Introduction/Overview Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) is an established organic nitrate compound with a primary role as a vasodilator in the management of cardiovascular diseases. As a prodrug, it requires biotransformation to…

Introduction/Overview Sodium nitroprusside is a potent, rapid-acting, and titratable intravenous vasodilator with a pivotal role in the acute management of hypertensive crises and certain perioperative cardiovascular conditions. As a prodrug,…