Pharmacology of Quinupristin-dalfopristin
Introduction Quinupristin-dalfopristin is a parenteral antibiotic combination belonging to the streptogramin class. It arose as a potent therapeutic alternative for managing resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections, particularly those involving methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus…
Metronidazole: an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication
Introduction Metronidazole is a widely used antimicrobial agent recognized for its efficacy against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Derived from nitroimidazole, metronidazole disrupts the DNA of target microorganisms, halting their replication. It was first…
Clindamycin: a lincosamide antibiotic
Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against certain types of Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. Below…
Pharmacology of Linezolid
Introduction Among the modern arsenal of antibiotics, linezolid occupies a key position in the management of drug-resistant Gram-positive infections. Approved by the U.S. FDA in 2000, linezolid heralded the first-in-class oxazolidinone family of antibacterials,…
Pharmacology of Vancomycin
Vancomycin is a strong antibiotic that is used to treat serious bacterial infections, mostly those caused by Gram-positive bacteria, like MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Below is a comprehensive overview of…
Pharmacology of Co-trimoxazole
Introduction Co-trimoxazole—a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim—has been a cornerstone antibacterial agent for decades. The synergy between these two drugs proves highly effective against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. First introduced in the 1960s,…
Pharmacology of Aminoglycoside antibiotics
INTRODUCTION Aminoglycoside antibiotics are a class of potent, broad-spectrum bactericidal agents that have played a critical role in the management of serious bacterial infections for decades. First derived from microbial…
Pharmacology of Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are one of the most significant classes of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents used in modern medicine. With their ability to target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, these agents are frequently employed in various clinical…
Pharmacology of Macrolides
Macrolides are a group of antibiotics characterized by a macrocyclic lactone ring attached to various amino or neutral sugars. They are widely used in clinical medicine, particularly against respiratory pathogens…
Pharmacology of Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against a wide variety of bacteria. They are commonly used to treat infections of the respiratory tract, skin, and urinary…
