Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists
IntroductionGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists/analogues are a class of drugs primarily used in the management of hormone-responsive diseases. They play a crucial role in manipulating the hormonal environment within the body,…
Pharmacology of Danazol: a synthetic steroid
Introduction Danazol is a synthetic steroid that has been used clinically for decades to manage a range of endocrine and gynecological disorders. Best known for its therapeutic role in endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease,…
Pharmacology of Testosterone
Introduction Testosterone is a key steroid hormone primarily secreted by the testes in males and, to a lesser extent, by the ovaries in females and the adrenal glands in both sexes.…
Pharmacology of Quinupristin-dalfopristin
Introduction Quinupristin-dalfopristin is a parenteral antibiotic combination belonging to the streptogramin class. It arose as a potent therapeutic alternative for managing resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections, particularly those involving methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus…
Metronidazole: an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication
Introduction Metronidazole is a widely used antimicrobial agent recognized for its efficacy against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Derived from nitroimidazole, metronidazole disrupts the DNA of target microorganisms, halting their replication. It was first…
Clindamycin: a lincosamide antibiotic
Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against certain types of Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. Below…
Pharmacology of Linezolid
Introduction Among the modern arsenal of antibiotics, linezolid occupies a key position in the management of drug-resistant Gram-positive infections. Approved by the U.S. FDA in 2000, linezolid heralded the first-in-class oxazolidinone family of antibacterials,…
Pharmacology of Vancomycin
Vancomycin is a strong antibiotic that is used to treat serious bacterial infections, mostly those caused by Gram-positive bacteria, like MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Below is a comprehensive overview of…
Pharmacology of Co-trimoxazole
Introduction Co-trimoxazole—a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim—has been a cornerstone antibacterial agent for decades. The synergy between these two drugs proves highly effective against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. First introduced in the 1960s,…
Pharmacology of Aminoglycoside antibiotics
INTRODUCTION Aminoglycoside antibiotics are a class of potent, broad-spectrum bactericidal agents that have played a critical role in the management of serious bacterial infections for decades. First derived from microbial…
