Antimicrobial

Pharmacology of Antiviral Drugs

Introduction Antiviral pharmacology has advanced from the single-agent era of idoxuridine to a modern arsenal including polymerase terminators, protease blockers, monoclonal antibodies, and host-directed entry...

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Endocrine

Pharmacotherapy of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex autoimmune disorder requiring comprehensive pharmacological management throughout the patient’s lifetime. Since the discovery of insulin over...

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Antimicrobial

Broad spectrum antibiotics – Tetracyclines and Chloramphenicol

Introduction Broad-spectrum antibiotics stand at the forefront of infectious disease management, enabling healthcare professionals to effectively target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens without waiting...

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miscellaneous

A review on drug resistant mycoplasma pneumonia

Introduction Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a unique bacterial pathogen that causes a spectrum of respiratory infections, ranging from mild tracheobronchitis to severe pneumonia [1]. Unlike many...

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miscellaneous

Pharmacotherapy of erectile dysfunction

Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED), defined as the consistent or recurrent inability to attain or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance, affects millions of...

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Neuropharmacology

Pharmacotherapy of migraine

Introduction Migraine is a debilitating primary headache disorder characterized by episodic attacks of throbbing or pulsating head pain, often accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and...

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Hematology

Pharmacology of Fibrinolytics

Introduction Fibrinolytics—also known as thrombolytics—are a specialized class of pharmacological agents that dissolve blood clots (thrombi) by catalyzing the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, the...

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Hematology

Pharmacology of anticoagulants

Introduction Anticoagulants constitute an essential class of drugs used to inhibit blood coagulation, ultimately preventing or treating thromboembolic disorders such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary...

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General

What is Pharmacology? An introduction

1 · Definition & Conceptual Overview Pharmacology is the scientific discipline that investigates how chemical agents (drugs) interact with living systems to modify physiological or...

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Neuropharmacology

Pharmacotherapy of Epilepsy

Introduction Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affects millions of individuals worldwide (Katzung, 2020). While the underlying pathophysiology varies, epilepsy generally arises...

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