Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Verapamil and Diltiazem
Verapamil and diltiazem are non‑dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers classified as Class IV antiarrhythmics,…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Class III – Amiodarone and others
Class III antiarrhythmics predominantly prolong cardiac repolarization via potassium channel blockade, with amiodarone as…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Class 2)
Introduction Among the diverse categories of drugs used to manage cardiac arrhythmias, beta-adrenoceptor-blocking…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Propafenone (Class 1C)
Propafenone is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic that produces potent, use‑dependent blockade of…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Flecainide (Class 1C)
Flecainide is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic agent widely used for rhythm control in…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Mexiletine (Class 1B)
Mexiletine is an oral Class IB antiarrhythmic and sodium channel blocker structurally…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Lidocaine (Class 1B)
If you trained in a time when every crash cart seemed to…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Disopyramide (Class 1A)
Introduction Disopyramide is a Class 1a antiarrhythmic agent, primarily used in the…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Procainamide (Class 1A)
Procainamide is a Class IA antiarrhythmic that blocks fast INaINa channels and prolongs repolarization…
Classification of Adrenergic Receptors: A Quick Overview
Introduction Adrenergic receptors play a pivotal role in regulating physiological processes and…
