Herbal and natural supplements comprise a broad range of dietary products used alongside or instead of conventional medicines, but their evidence base, quality, and safety profiles vary widely, requiring structured evaluation for efficacy, interactions, adulteration, and organ toxicity before use. Unlike prescription drugs, most supplements are not reviewed for safety or effectiveness before marketing in … Read more
1 · Overview Atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine are tropane alkaloids concentrated in plants of the Solanaceae family—most notably Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade) and Datura stramonium (jimson-weed). These compounds act as potent competitive antagonists at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, producing the classic “anticholinergic toxidrome.” Untreated, severe poisoning may culminate in seizures, hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, dysrhythmia or respiratory failure … Read more