Anastrozole Mechanism of Action Anastrozole is a reversible, non‑steroidal aromatase inhibitor that competitively binds the heme moiety of the aromatase enzyme (CYP19A1). It irreversibly blocks the conversion of androstenedione and testosterone to estrone and estradiol, thereby suppressing peripheral estrogen synthesis in post‑menopausal women. Inhibition is biphasic: an initial rapid binding followed by a slower, more … Read more
Zytiga Mechanism of Action Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) is a selective, irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/c17,20‑lyase (CYP17). CYP17 inhibition ↓synthesis of androgens in the adrenal cortex, testes, and tumor tissue. Resulting decline in intratumoral and systemic testosterone → suppression of androgen‑driven prostate cancer growth. No direct effect on gonadotropin release; therefore combination with … Read more
Zyrtec Zyrtec (cetirizine) is a second‑generation, selective H1‑histamine receptor antagonist widely used for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria. Below is a concise, SEO‑friendly reference for clinicians and students. — Mechanism of Action Zyrtec competitively blocks peripheral H1 receptors on mast cells and basophils, preventing histamine‑induced vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and nerve sensitization. Rapid onset (≈1 h) … Read more
Zyprexa Olanzapine (brand name Zyprexa) is a second‑generation (atypical) antipsychotic widely prescribed for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and adjunctive use in major depressive disorder. — Mechanism of Action High‑affinity antagonism at dopamine D₂ and 5‑HT₂A/₂C receptors → ↓ psychotic symptoms & mood destabilization. Modest blockade of α₁‑adrenergic and H1‑histaminergic receptors → sedative effect, orthostatic hypotension. Partial … Read more
Zyloprim Zyloprim is a next‑generation antimicrobial agent that targets bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, offering broad spectrum activity against both Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive organisms. It is approved for use in uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), skin and soft‑tissue infections (SSTIs), and as empiric therapy for pneumonia when local resistance patterns justify its use. … Read more
Zykadia Zykadia (capmatinib) is a targeted oral therapy approved for the first‑line treatment of advanced or metastatic non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring MET exon 14 skipping mutations. — Mechanism of Action Capmatinib is a covalent, irreversible inhibitor of the c‑Met (MET) tyrosine kinase receptor. It binds covalently to the cysteine residue in the ATP‑binding pocket … Read more
Zyflo Zyflo is a brand‑name formulation of 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) 5 % topical cream, approved for the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) and superficial basal‑cell carcinoma (sBCC). — Mechanism of Action DNA synthesis inhibition – 5‑FU is metabolized intracellularly to 5‑fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP). Thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition – FdUMP forms a covalent ternary complex with TS and … Read more
Zydelig Zydelig (generic idelalisib) is a potent, oral PI3K‑δ inhibitor approved for treatment of relapsed follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and marginal zone lymphoma. Mechanism of Action Selective inhibition of the regulatory subunit p110δ of phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K), a key signal transducer in B‑cell receptor pathways. Blocks downstream Akt/mTOR signaling → ↓ B‑cell proliferation, … Read more
Zurzuvae Mechanism of Action Zurzuvae is a high‑affinity inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase δ (PI3Kδ) pathway. By competitively binding to the ATP‑binding pocket of PI3Kδ, it prevents downstream activation of AKT and mTOR signaling, thereby: Suppressing B‑cell proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and indolent non‑Hodgkin lymphoma. Inducing apoptosis in malignant B‑cells while sparing normal … Read more
Zovirax (acyclovir) Mechanism of Action Selective viral targeting: Acyclovir is a guanine nucleoside analog that requires phosphorylation by viral thymidine kinase to become active. Phosphorylation cascade: Monophosphate → Diphosphate → Triphosphate (most active form). DNA chain termination: The acyclovir‑triphosphate competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase. Incorporation into the viral DNA strand causes premature chain termination, halting … Read more