Archives: Drug Cards

Selumetinib --- Mechanism of Action Selumetinib is an orally‑administered, selective inhibitor of the mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MEK) 1/2 pathway. Blocks phosphorylation of downstream ERK1/2, thereby interrupting signal transduction that drives…

Scopolamine Scopolamine (hyoscine) is a potent non‑selective antimuscarinic agent widely used to treat motion sickness and postoperative nausea & vomiting (PONV). It crosses the blood‑brain barrier, providing central anticholinergic effects,…

satralizumab Mechanism of Action Satralizumab is a fully humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to the interleukin‑6 receptor (IL‑6R). Blocks both soluble and membrane‑bound IL‑6R, preventing IL‑6‑mediated JAK/STAT signaling.…

Saphnelo Saphnelo (baricitinib) is a small‑molecule Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor approved for moderate–to–severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ulcerative colitis, and alopecia areata. It selectively blocks intracellular signaling of pro‑inflammatory cytokines, reducing…

Sandostatin Sandostatin is the brand name for octreotide, a synthetic somatostatin analog used to manage hormone‑secreting tumors and associated clinical syndromes. --- Mechanism of Action Somatostatin Receptor Agonist – Octreotide…

Salmeterol Salmeterol is a long‑acting β2‑adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA) used predominantly for chronic maintenance therapy in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mechanism of Action Salmeterol acts selectively on…

Salbutamol Salbutamol (also known as albuterol) is a short‑acting β2‑adrenergic agonist (SABA) commonly used for the relief of bronchospasm in asthma, COPD, and exercise‑induced bronchoconstriction. Mechanism of Action Selective β2‑adrenergic…

Sacubitril and Valsartan Sacubitril/valsartan (trade name Entresto) is the first in class angiotensin receptor‑neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) approved for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Mechanism of…

Sabril (vigabatrin) Mechanism of Action Vigabatrin irreversibly inhibits the enzyme GABA transaminase, the principal catabolic route for γ‑aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system. Result: Prolonged elevation of intracellular…

Rytary Rytary is a branded oral, sustained‑release formulation of methadone, used primarily for opioid dependence and for long‑term management of chronic, cancer‑related pain. Mechanism of Action Mu‑opioid receptor agonist: Rytary…