Sodium Chloride
Sodium Chloride Sodium chloride (NaCl) is the generic name for both oral and intravenous solutions used primarily for fluid and electrolyte management in clinical practice. Mechanism of Action Isotonic osmotic…
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is a crystalline, strongly alkaline salt commonly used as an antacid, alkalinizing agent, and buffering solution in both clinical and laboratory settings. --- Mechanism of…
Slynd
Slynd Slynd is a combined oral contraceptive (COC) containing desogestrel (0.15 mg) and ethinyl estradiol (30 µg) in a 24/4‑day regimen. It is indicated for contraception and menstrual regulation in women of…
Skytrofa
Skytrofa A once‑daily coformulated fixed‑dose combination of elvitegravir (a potent integrase strand transfer inhibitor), cobicistat (a pharmacokinetic enhancer), emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (both NRTIs). It is approved for the treatment…
Skyrizi
Skyrizi Skyrizi (risankizumab) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively targets the p19 subunit of interleukin‑23 (IL‑23). Approved for moderate‑to‑severe plaque psoriasis in adults, it offers durable skin clearance with…
Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin Sitagliptin – a selective oral dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4) inhibitor used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). --- Mechanism of Action Sitagliptin competitively inhibits DPP‑4,…
Singulair
Singulair Mechanism of Action Singulair (montelukast) is a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist that blocks the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor‑1 (CysLT1) on airway smooth muscle and inflammatory cells. This inhibition reduces leukotriene‑mediated…
Sinemet
Sinemet Sinemet (levodopa/carbidopa) is a first‑line agent for Parkinson’s disease (PD). It delivers levodopa, a dopamine precursor, while carbidopa inhibits peripheral aromatic‑L‑amino‑acid decarboxylase, reducing peripheral side effects and increasing CNS…
Simvastatin
Simvastatin Mechanism of Action Simvastatin is a statin that competitively inhibits HMG‑CoA reductase (HMGCR), the rate‑limiting enzyme in hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis. Inhibition ↓ intracellular cholesterol → up‑regulation of LDL‑receptor expression…
Simponi
Simponi Simponi (adalimumab‑dyb) is a fully human IgG1 anti‑TNF‑α monoclonal antibody marketed by AbbVie for the treatment of various immune‑mediated disorders. It is a biosimilar of the original adalimumab product…