Anastrozole
Anastrozole Mechanism of Action Anastrozole is a reversible, non‑steroidal aromatase inhibitor that competitively binds the heme moiety of the aromatase enzyme (CYP19A1). It irreversibly blocks the conversion of androstenedione and…
Ampicillin
Ampicillin Ampicillin is a semi‑synthetic penicillin V derivative with a broad spectrum of activity against many Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative organisms. It is widely used for community‑acquired infections, prophylaxis in certain surgical…
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin Amoxicillin is a semi‑synthetic, broad‑spectrum β‑lactam antibiotic widely used to treat bacterial infections caused by gram‑positive and gram‑negative organisms. It is typically available as an oral formulation (capsule, chewable…
Amlodipine
Amlodipine Mechanism of Action Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium‑channel blocker (CCB) that selectively inhibits L‑type voltage‑dependent Ca²⁺ channels in vascular smooth muscle. It reduces intracellular Ca²⁺ influx, causing vasodilation of…
Amitriptyline
Amitriptyline Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) with a broad spectrum of therapeutic uses beyond depression, including neuropathic pain, migraine prophylaxis, and sleep disorders. It acts primarily by inhibiting the…
Amiodarone
Amiodarone Amiodarone is a long‑acting, multi‑class antiarrhythmic agent commonly used to treat serious ventricular arrhythmias and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Mechanism of Action Class III activity: Potassium channel (IKr, IKs) blockade prolongs…
Amantadine
Amantadine Amantadine is a low‑molecular‑weight, first‑generation antiviral that also serves as a dopaminergic agent used in movement disorders. Below is a concise, clinically‑oriented drug card ready for medical‑students and practitioners.…
Alprazolam
Alprazolam Mechanism of Action Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine that potentiates inhibitory neurotransmission. Enhances the activity of the γ‑aminobutyric acid (GABA)‑A receptor complex. Increases chloride ion influx, hyperpolarizing neuronal membranes. Produces…
Allopurinol
Allopurinol Allopurinol is the cornerstone xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to manage chronic gout and hyperuricemia, prevent nephrolithiasis, and control uric acid production in tumor lysis syndrome. --- Mechanism of Action…
Alfuzosin
Alfuzosin --- Mechanism of Action Alfuzosin is a selective α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It preferentially blocks α1A‑ and α1B‑receptors in the smooth muscle of the prostate, bladder neck, and lower urinary…