Archives: Drug Cards

Dulaglutide Mechanism of Action Dulaglutide is a long‑acting glucagon‑like peptide‑1 (GLP‑1) receptor agonist. Mimics endogenous GLP‑1, binding to the GLP‑1 receptor on pancreatic β‑cells. Enhances glucose‑dependent insulin secretion while inhibiting…

Doxycycline Doxycycline is a second‑generation tunable tetracycline antibiotic widely employed for its broad‑spectrum bacteriostatic activity and excellent tissue penetration. It is a cornerstone in the treatment of bacterial infections, vector‑borne…

Doxorubicin Mechanism of Action Doxorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic that exerts cytotoxic effects through multiple interrelated mechanisms: DNA intercalation – inserts between base pairs, preventing proper DNA unwinding and transcription.…

Doxepin Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that is chiefly used for insomnia and obsessive‑compulsive and anxiety disorders; it also has topical anti‑pruritic indications. Mechanism of Action Serotonin and norepinephrine…

Doxazosin Doxazosin is a selective α1‑adrenergic antagonist used primarily for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and essential hypertension. Mechanism of Action Competitive blockade of α1‑adrenergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle and…

Donepezil Mechanism of Action Donepezil is a reversible, selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Increases synaptic acetylcholine by preventing its hydrolysis, thereby enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system. At therapeutic…

Domperidone Mechanism of Action Domperidone is a highly selective peripheral dopamine D₂‑receptor antagonist. By blocking D₂ receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, it diminishes dopaminergic inhibition of gut motility, leading to…

Docusate Sodium A hydrophilic, anionic stool‑softening laxative commonly used to treat constipation. Mechanism of Action Surface‑active agent: Docusate is an anionic surfactant that emulsifies colonic lipids. Increased water and surfactant…

Divalproex Divalproex (also known as divalproex sodium or valproate) is a broad‑spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) with anti‑seizure, mood‑stabilizing, and migraine‑prophylactic properties. --- Mechanism of Action Enhancement of GABAergic transmission Inhibits…

Diprolene Diprolene is an atypical antipsychotic used primarily for the treatment of schizophrenia and acute manic episodes. It belongs to the phenothiazine class but possesses a unique receptor binding profile…