Drug Potency and Efficacy
Understanding "drug potency" and "drug efficacy" is crucial in pharmacology, as they…
Drug Selectivity, Safety, and Risk-Benefit Ratio
The pharmacological landscape is complex, and drugs often produce a range of…
Drug Specificity: A Key Factor in Pharmacological Actions
Drug specificity is an important concept in pharmacology that refers to the…
Miscellaneous Antiarrhythmic Agents: Adenosine and others
Adenosine Adenosine is antiarrhythmic agent that is widely used for the investigation…
Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Verapamil and Diltiazem
Verapamil and diltiazem are non‑dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers classified as Class IV antiarrhythmics,…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Class III – Amiodarone and others
Class III antiarrhythmics predominantly prolong cardiac repolarization via potassium channel blockade, with amiodarone as…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Class 2)
Introduction Among the diverse categories of drugs used to manage cardiac arrhythmias, beta-adrenoceptor-blocking…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Propafenone (Class 1C)
Propafenone is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic that produces potent, use‑dependent blockade of…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Flecainide (Class 1C)
Flecainide is a Class 1C antiarrhythmic agent widely used for rhythm control in…
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Mexiletine (Class 1B)
Mexiletine is an oral Class IB antiarrhythmic and sodium channel blocker structurally…
