Experimental Pharmacology

1. Introduction The assessment of spontaneous locomotor activity represents a fundamental paradigm in behavioral pharmacology and neuropharmacology. The actophotometer test, a widely utilized automated apparatus, provides an objective and quantifiable…

1. Introduction The preclinical evaluation of potential anti-ulcer agents represents a critical phase in the development of new therapeutics for gastroduodenal disorders. Among the various experimental models employed, the pylorus…

1. Introduction Preclinical evaluation of potential anti-ulcer agents represents a critical phase in the development of novel therapeutics for gastroduodenal disorders. Among the various experimental paradigms, the pylorus ligation model,…

1. Introduction The evaluation of anti-inflammatory agents represents a cornerstone of preclinical pharmacological research. Among the various in vivo models developed, the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test stands as a…

1. Introduction The evaluation of anti-inflammatory agents represents a cornerstone of preclinical pharmacology. Among the various in vivo models developed, the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test stands as a fundamental,…

1. Introduction/Overview The evaluation of analgesic efficacy represents a fundamental component of preclinical pharmacology and drug development. Among the various experimental paradigms designed to assess pain perception and modulation, the…

1. Introduction/Overview The evaluation of analgesic efficacy represents a fundamental component of both basic pharmacological research and the development of novel therapeutic agents for pain management. Among the various preclinical…

1. Introduction/Overview The modulation of skeletal muscle tone is a critical therapeutic objective in numerous clinical conditions, ranging from acute surgical paralysis to chronic management of spasticity. Skeletal muscle relaxants…

Introduction/Overview The clinical application of local anesthetics represents a cornerstone of modern medical practice, enabling painless surgical, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedures. The evaluation of local anesthetic activity, specifically for surface…

1. Introduction/Overview The study of pharmacological agents that alter pupillary size—miotics (constrictors) and mydriatics (dilators)—constitutes a fundamental pillar of ophthalmic pharmacology. These drugs exert their effects primarily by modulating the…