Androgens and its modulators

Which antifungal agent is known to inhibit enzymes critical for steroid biosynthesis at high doses, thereby acting as an anti-androgen? *

Which specific adverse effect is most commonly associated with 17$\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\alpha$-alkylated androgens like Methyltestosterone and Fluoxymesterone? *

A 35-year-old female bodybuilder presents with acne, hirsutism, and a deepening voice. Which of the following adverse effects of androgen use is she experiencing? *

A clinician is monitoring a 55-year-old male patient who has been on intramuscular Testosterone Cypionate for 6 months. Which of the following laboratory findings would raise concern regarding the patient\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s cardiovascular risk profile as a known adverse effect of this therapy? *

Which of the following drugs is a non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonist used in the treatment of prostate cancer, often in combination with a GnRH agonist? *

A 68-year-old male with metastatic prostate cancer is being started on hormonal therapy. The oncologist chooses Degarelix (a GnRH antagonist) over Leuprolide (a GnRH agonist). According to the text, what is the primary clinical advantage of choosing the antagonist in this scenario? *

What is a primary clinical advantage of GnRH antagonists (e.g., Degarelix) over GnRH agonists in the treatment of prostate cancer? *

Continuous administration of Leuprolide, a GnRH superagonist, eventually results in pharmacological castration. What is the underlying mechanism for this effect? *

Which of the following testosterone formulations is designed to bypass the liver\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s first-pass metabolism while still being administered orally? *

A female patient is treated with Spironolactone for hirsutism. This drug is effective because it acts as: *

At the cellular level, the androgen receptor-ligand complex exerts its primary physiological effect by: *

Testosterone functions as a prohormone in several tissues. Which enzyme is responsible for converting Testosterone into Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the more potent androgen? *

Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism by which Testosterone regulates its own production in the male body? *

A patient is prescribed Testosterone Enanthate. Which of the following pharmacologic properties is characteristic of this formulation? *

A patient with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is prescribed Finasteride. He returns for a follow-up and reports improvement in urinary flow but is concerned about new sexual side effects. Which of the following is a documented side effect of this specific drug class? *

Which of the following is a strict contraindication for the use of androgen therapy? *

Anabolic steroids such as Nandrolone are chemically modified to achieve which of the following goals? *

A 65-year-old male is diagnosed with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). He is prescribed Finasteride. What is the mechanism of action of this drug? *

Danazol is used in the treatment of endometriosis. Its mechanism of action involves: *

Why is natural testosterone typically not administered orally for therapeutic purposes? *

A 50-year-old male undergoing testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for hypogonadism complains of breast tenderness and enlargement (gynecomastia). The physician explains that this is due to the metabolism of the exogenous testosterone. Which enzymatic pathway is responsible for this side effect? *

A 28-year-old male competitive bodybuilder presents to the clinic with yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice). He admits to using oral performance-enhancing drugs purchased online to increase muscle mass. Based on the adverse effect profile described in the text, which of the following agents is most likely responsible for his cholestatic jaundice? *

Which of the following agents is an anabolic steroid often used for refractory anemias due to its ability to stimulate erythropoiesis? *

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) like Ostarine are currently being investigated because they theoretically offer: *

The use of androgens in children is approached with extreme caution primarily because it may cause: *