Cholinomimetics

Which side effect is highly characteristic of direct muscarinic agonists (like pilocarpine) when administered systemically? *

The primary therapeutic goal when using a cholinesterase inhibitor like Rivastigmine in Alzheimer\\\'s disease is to increase cholinergic neurotransmission in which area of the CNS? *

Bethanechol is primarily used clinically for which indication due to its selective action on muscarinic receptors in the bladder and GI tract? *

Which muscarinic receptor subtype is primarily responsible for mediating the effects of ACh on the smooth muscle of the bronchi? *

Which enzyme is responsible for rapidly inactivating acetylcholine (ACh) in the synaptic cleft? *

Pilocarpine is a classic example of a direct-acting cholinomimetic drug primarily used for treating which condition due to its potent effect on M3 receptors in the eye? *

Nicotinic receptors are located at which two major sites in the body? *

Organophosphate pesticides exert their toxic effects by acting as which type of drug? *

A patient treated with a high dose of a non-selective cholinesterase inhibitor might develop significant bradycardia due to stimulation of which specific receptor subtype located in the heart? *

Succinylcholine acts as a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker by agonizing which specific type of receptor at the neuromuscular junction? *

Which drug is a selective M3 antagonist used primarily to treat an overactive bladder (OAB) by relaxing the detrusor muscle? *

Carbachol is a synthetic choline ester that is distinct from acetylcholine because it is resistant to hydrolysis by which enzyme? *

Indirect-acting cholinomimetics (Cholinesterase Inhibitors) exert their effects primarily by: *

Which medication is often administered as an antidote to counteract the muscarinic side effects (like excessive salivation and bradycardia) caused by organophosphate poisoning? *

Which symptom is characteristic of excessive cholinergic stimulation (cholinergic crisis) due to overwhelming parasympathetic activity? *

Which class of drugs directly mimics the action of acetylcholine (ACh) at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors? *

Edrophonium is a short-acting reversible cholinesterase inhibitor historically used to diagnose Myasthenia Gravis. It primarily acts on which receptors? *

Which of the following drugs is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor often used in the diagnosis and treatment of Myasthenia Gravis? *

A major contraindication for the use of cholinomimetic drugs that increase secretions (like pilocarpine) would be which pre-existing condition? *