Pharmacology of Vancomycin
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic principally used in the treatment of severe infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, particularly those resistant to beta-lactams such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), penicillin-resistant streptococci,…
Pharmacology of Co-trimoxazole
Introduction Co-trimoxazole—a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim—has been a cornerstone antibacterial agent for decades. The synergy between these two drugs proves highly effective against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. First introduced in the 1960s,…
Pharmacology of Aminoglycoside antibiotics
INTRODUCTION Aminoglycoside antibiotics are a class of potent, broad-spectrum bactericidal agents that have played a critical role in the management of serious bacterial infections for decades. First derived from microbial…
Pharmacology of Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are one of the most significant classes of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents used in modern medicine. With their ability to target both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, these agents are frequently employed in various clinical…
Pharmacology of Macrolides
Macrolides are a group of antibiotics characterized by a macrocyclic lactone ring attached to various amino or neutral sugars. They are widely used in clinical medicine, particularly against respiratory pathogens…
Pharmacology of Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against a wide variety of bacteria. They are commonly used to treat infections of the respiratory tract, skin, and urinary…
An In-depth Look into Medical Prescriptions
Introduction Medical prescriptions are a cornerstone in the healthcare sector, forming a vital communication bridge between physicians and pharmacists and ensuring that patients receive the correct medication in a timely…
Principles of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Antimicrobial chemotherapy has transformed modern medicine, providing effective treatments for a wide array of infectious diseases. Its rational application relies on core scientific and clinical principles to optimize use, minimize…
Antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance is a leading global health threat, characterized by the ability of microbes (bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites) to withstand drugs formerly effective against them. The emergence and spread of…
The history and evolution of antimicrobial agents
The development of antimicrobial agents stands as one of the most significant achievements in medical history. From ancient remedies to the modern era of targeted chemotherapeutics, the journey of these…
